Kuki hari itandukaniro ry’ubuziranenge mu bintu bito mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo?
1. Itandukaniro mu byo abashaka mu nganda bakeneye
Hafi ya bose bakora ibintu bifatika ni ibigo by’imiti, kandi umusaruro umwe ushobora kugurishwa mu nganda nyinshi. Urugero, ibicuruzwa bya sulfate y’umuringa bishobora gukoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi nko mu nganda ziyongera ku biryo, ifumbire mvaruganda, imiti yica udukoko, imiti igabanya ubukana bw’ibimera, gukoresha amashanyarazi mu muringa, no gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro;
Ariko, inganda zitandukanye zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye cyane ku buziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, kandi ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa nabyo biratandukanye cyane.
2. Inkomoko y'amabuye y'agaciro (ibikoresho fatizo) iratandukanye
Ibintu bimwe na bimwe (umuringa, icyuma, zinki na kobalti) bikurwa mu myanda yo mu nganda, mu mazi mabi cyangwa mu bikomoka ku nganda.
Isoko zitandukanye z'ibikoresho fatizo ziba zirimo imyanda itandukanye, bigatuma umusaruro uba mwiza. Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe (manganese, manyeziyumu, potassium medical stone) bikurwa mu mabuye cyangwa mu biyaga by'umunyu.
Amabuye y'agaciro atandukanye cyangwa urwego rutandukanye rw'amabuye y'agaciro asanzwe bitanga ubwiza butandukanye bw'umusaruro wa nyuma.
3. Amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu ntabwo yuzuye
Kugeza ubu, nta bipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe by’ibinyabutabire.
Amabwiriza y’igihugu ashyiraho gusa ibisabwa ku bikubiye mu bicuruzwa by’ingenzi n’ibipimo by’isuku (arsenic, lead, cadmium na mercure), ariko nta byangombwa bisobanutse neza ku myanda igira ingaruka ku bwiza bw’ibicuruzwa.
Amabwiriza y’igihugu ni yo shingiro ry’ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, amasosiyete atandukanye y’ibiribwa (ibigo biterwa inkunga n’amahanga, ibigo byo mu gihugu, ibigo bikomeye byo mu gace, ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse) yashyizeho ibisabwa bitandukanye by’ubuziranenge hashingiwe ku mahame y’igihugu y’ibintu bifatika.
Ndetse n'ibigo bimwe na bimwe bito n'ibiciriritse bireba gusa uko ibintu bimeze nta gupima iyo bigura ibintu bifatika.
Ni ibihe bintu bifatika mu nganda zitunganya ibiryo bifite amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu?
Ibicuruzwa bifite ibipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu (ibicuruzwa 9) Sulfate y’umuringa, kloride y’ibanze, sulfate ya feri, sulfate ya zinki, okiside ya zinki, sulfate ya manganese, sulfate ya manyeziyumu, iyodate ya kalisiyumu, selenite ya sodiyumu
Amabwiriza y’igihugu agaragaza neza ibipimo: ibipimo by’ingenzi by’ibikubiye mu bipimo n’ibipimo by’ubuzima (arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercure)
Ibicuruzwa bidafite ibipimo ngenderwaho by'igihugu (ibicuruzwa 5) Okiside ya manyeziyumu, iyode ya potassium, kobalti kloride, calcium formate, potassium chloride
Itandukaniro mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibice bito: sulfate y'umuringa
Sulfate y'umuringa: ivanywe mu mazi acukurwa mu mbaho zizunguruka. Iki gicuruzwa gifite amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu, agaragaza neza ibisabwa ku bipimo by'ingenzi n'ibipimo by'isuku.
Ibicuruzwa bya Sustar (uretse kuba byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw'igihugu):
Kugenzura aside mu bikoresho ≤0.014%: Ibicuruzwa bifite aside nyinshi bitanga impumuro mbi, bigabanya ubushuhe bw'ibicuruzwa, bikurura ubushuhe no guteranya ibintu, byihutisha ibara ry'ibivanze, bishobora kwangiza vitamine na enzymes, kandi bishobora kwangiza amavuta.
Umucanga w'umuringa uri mu ishusho y'uduce tw'ubururu twa kristu, kandi ishusho y'umucanga w'umuringa ishobora gukoreshwa mbere yo gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw'umusaruro.
Dioxide ya silikoni yongerwa mu ifu y'umuringa kugira ngo irinde gufunga
Ibicuruzwa biboneka ku isoko:
Ubusharire bw'ibikomoka kuri sulfate y'umuringa bushobora kugera kuri 0.03%. Isosiyete ya Sustar isobanura ko ibikomoka kuri aside irenga 0.02% ari ibikomoka kuri aside nyinshi.
Amazi acukura mu nganda nto zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga ashobora kuba arimo ibintu byinshi by’umwimerere, kandi ibyago byo kurwara dioxini ni byinshi. Umucanga w'umuringa urimo ibintu by'icyuma bihumanye, kandi umusaruro uhinduka umuhondo nyuma yo gushyuha. Isura y'umucanga w'umuringa isa n'icyatsi kibisi cyangwa umweru. Iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse cyane mu gihe cyo kumisha, ibara rishobora guhinduka kuva ku bururu rikajya ku bwera.
Umuringa w'umusenyi ntugira kristu isa n'urushinge cyangwa utudomo kandi byoroshye guteranya.
Ifu y'umuringa n'igikoresho cyo kuyitwara ntibivangwa kimwe, kandi ingano yayo irahindagurika cyane; iyo igikoresho cyo kuyitwara cyongewemo cyane, ingano yayo ntiyujuje ibisabwa.
Ingano y'uduce tw'ifu y'umuringa ntabwo iringaniye, kandi igipimo cy'umusaruro urenze urugero w'urushundura rufite mesh 40 ni kinini cyane.
Nyuma yo gushonga mu mazi, umuti uba urimo ibintu bidashobora gushonga mu mazi, ibintu bihagaze n'ibintu biremba.
Itandukaniro mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibice by'ingenzi: Chloride y'umuringa w'ibanze
Chloride y'umuringa w'ibanze ifite isoko imwe na sulfate y'umuringa, kandi umusaruro ukurwa mu mazi acukurwa mu mbaho zizunguruka. Uyu musaruro ufite amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu, agaragaza neza ibisabwa ku bipimo by'ingenzi n'ibipimo by'isuku.
Ibicuruzwa bya Sustar (uretse kuba byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw'igihugu):
Ibara ringana, nta gushonga, kandi rituma amazi asohoka neza.
Genzura ibimenyetso bya azote na chlorine yigenga (0.14%; 0.1%) kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago bya dioxin n'ubwiyongere bw'uturemangingo.
Ibicuruzwa biboneka ku isoko:
Ibikubiye muri iyi nyandiko ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa.
Hari itandukaniro rinini ry'amabara hagati y'ibicuruzwa biri mu itsinda rimwe.
Uduce tw'umweru tugaragara.
Ifu, amazi make
Hamwe n'imyanda igaragara.
Ikungahaye kuri azote na chlorine yigenga, ikunze kwibasirwa n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere.
Itandukaniro mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibintu bito: sulfate ya feri
Sulfate ya feru ni umusaruro wa titanium dioxide mu nganda z’ibinyabutabire. Uyu musaruro ufite amahame ngenderwaho y’igihugu, agaragaza neza ibisabwa ku bipimo by’ingenzi n’ibipimo by’isuku.
Ibicuruzwa bya Sustar (uretse kuba byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw'igihugu):
Ibara ringana, nta gupfunyika.
Gutembera neza.
Ubutare butatu buri hagati ya 0.15%.
Ibicuruzwa biboneka ku isoko:
Icyuma cy'impande eshatu ntabwo cyujuje ibisabwa kandi ibikubiye muri cyo ntabwo byujuje ibisabwa.
Hari itandukaniro rinini ry'amabara hagati y'ibicuruzwa biri mu itsinda rimwe.
Ubushuhe buri hejuru.
Ihazabu ntiyujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw'igihugu.
Udukoresho duke two gukuraho ivumbi.
Ubushyuhe buragabanuka, ubushyuhe buragabanuka, kandi biroroshye gupfunyika.
Hari uburyo bwumye bwo gukora ferrous fer, kandi umusaruro ufite aside nyinshi cyane.
Ingano y'icyuma cya valent zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'ibiryo bya premix.
Itandukaniro mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibice bito: zinc sulfate
Ibikoresho fatizo bya zinc sulfate ni zinc oxide ya kabiri (ikurwa mu ivu ry'amazi, icyuma cy'ubutare, umuringa-kadiyumu, nibindi). Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibicuruzwa: ibicuruzwa bifite inzira zo gukuraho icyuma n'ibidafite, byombi bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibiryo bya premix. Iki gicuruzwa gifite amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu, agaragaza neza ibisabwa ku bipimo by'ingenzi n'ibipimo by'isuku.
Ibicuruzwa bya Sustar (uretse kuba byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego rw'igihugu):
Genzura neza iyoni za chloride kugira ngo ugabanye ibara ry'ibiryo bya premix. Mu gihe ukoresha zinc sulfate nk'ibiryo bya premix, ingano ya iyoni za chloride igomba kuba iri hagati ya 0.5% mu mpeshyi naho iri hagati ya 1% mu gihe cy'itumba.
Ingano ya iyoni ya kloride muri zinc sulfate ishobora kugera kuri 3%. Ibikoresho bifite chloride nyinshi bikunda kwinjiza ubushuhe no gukora uduce duto, naho ibivanze mbere bikunda guhindura ibara.
Iki gicuruzwa gifite ibara ritukura kandi kirimo ingano nini ya kobalti na manganese, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ifumbire y'ibiryo.
Iki gicuruzwa gifite ibara ry'umukara kandi kirimo kalisiyumu na manyeziyumu, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka ku kugena aho intera iri.
Icyo gicuruzwa kirimo sulfur, kigaragara nk'ibara risanzwe ry'igicuruzwa, ariko ipaki ihinduka umuhondo nyuma y'uko sulfur ipfuye.
Uburyo bwo gukora bucungwa nabi kandi ibicuruzwa birimo umwanda w'umukara ugaragara.
Peroxide isigaye muri zinc sulfate ituma umusaruro wa premix ushyuha vuba nyuma yo kuvanga premix kandi ibiryo bya premix byoroshye guhindura ibara (umwanda nka zinc oxide, sulfur trioxide, icyuma gishyushye na manganese dioxide).
Ibara ry'aho ibintu biherereye rigarukira rigatinda kugaragara, rigahita rihinduka umutuku.
Itandukaniro mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibice bito: okiside ya zinki
Okiside ya zinki: okiside ya zinki ifite pure nyinshi (99 zinki okiside) na okiside isanzwe ya zinki (95 zinki okiside), okiside ya zinki 95 ifite isoko rinini.
Uburyo bwo gukora: Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora zinc oxide. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora, ibikoresho fatizo bitandukanye, ubushyuhe butandukanye bwa calcination, nibindi bizatuma ibara ry'ibicuruzwa rihinduka.
Uburyo butaziguye
99 zinc oxyde Ikorwa no gukaranga zinc ingots zinc oxyde yoroheje Ubucucike bw'ibice 200-500g/L Yera.
Uburyo butaziguye
Ikorwa hakoreshejwe calcium zinc suboxide ku bushyuhe bwinshi Oxyde zinc nyinshi Ubucucike bunini 1200-2000g/L Umuhondo wijimye Ibyuma bikomeye byarenze cyane ubuziranenge
Uburyo bwa aside
Ikorwa binyuze mu gukora imiti ya suboxide ya zinc binyuze mu buryo bwa aside Oxyde ya zinc iri hagati Ubucucike bw'umubyimba 700-1000g/L Umuhondo muto kuva ku muhondo
Uburyo bwa Amoniya
Ikorwa binyuze mu gukora imiti ya zinc suboxide binyuze muri amoniya Oxyde zinc iri hagati Ubucucike bw'umubyimba 700-1000g/L Yera kugeza ku muhondo muto
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-24-2025
